solar greenhouse

Are: the use of light and heat: It is the solar radiation collected by the interaction with the material to be converted into thermal energy use. The most current solar collection devices, there are flat-plate collectors, vacuum tube collectors and focusing collectors, etc. 3. Solar power: the future of large-scale use of solar energy is used to generate electricity. Use of solar power generation are mainly two ways: ① light - heat - electricity conversion. Namely the use of solar radiation generated by thermal power. Generally is absorbed by solar collectors to heat the working fluid into steam,Solar Lights and then driven by the steam-driven turbine generators. The previous process for the light - heat conversion, after a process of heat - electricity conversion. ② light - electrical conversion. The basic principle is to use photovoltaic effect to convert solar radiation directly into electrical energy, and its basic unit is the solar cell. Photochemical utilization: This is a direct decomposition of water using solar radiation of light hydrogen - chemical conversion. Bioavailability of light: to achieve through photosynthesis to convert solar energy into biomass process. Currently there are fast-growing plants (such as firewood), oil crops, and giant kelp.

Solar water heaters to solar energy into heat energy, heating the water from low temperature to high temperature, to meet people in life, the production of hot water use. Structure divided by the solar water heater vacuum tube solar water heater Peace plate solar water heater, vacuum tube solar water heater is currently dominated, accounting for 95% of domestic market share. Domestic solar water heater vacuum tube solar collector tube by,china Hex Bolt storage tanks and associated annexes, to convert solar energy into heat energy mainly depend on tube. Floating collector tube using hot water cold water sink principle, so that water will reach the required micro-circulation of hot water.

Solar energy, generally refers to the sun's radiant energy, solar energy is a renewable energy, solar energy is a broad number of energy sources on Earth, wind, biomass, tidal energy, water potential, and so on. Basic form of solar energy can be divided into light - thermal, optical - electrical use, light - chemical use, light - bioavailability four categories. Four types of solar energy utilization in the way of light - thermal conversion of the most mature technology, products are up to, relatively low cost. Such as: solar water heaters, water boilers, dryers, solar cookers, solar greenhouse, solar house, solar desalination and solar heating and cooling equipment, etc.. Solar thermal power than photovoltaic solar conversion efficiency is higher but the application is not common. In the solar thermal conversion, the current most widely used,Solar Water Heater the most mature technology, economy is the best application of solar water heaters.

With the Increasing Pressure of Urban Life

With the increasing pressure of urban life, decompression utilities in the United Kingdom has been in full swing. In fact, massage chairs and other relief supplies cars in the industry also has long been. But, as the market has not matured to cultivate, vacuum auto supplies  not form a climate. But in many automotive supplies industry view, pressure-automotive supplies must be a trend in the future development of the industry, who can come out on top, who have the upper hand. Automotive supplies, according to HC 300 users for a survey done by analysis,Street Birk there are 66.67% of respondents are optimistic about the automotive supplies decompression utilities, 33.33 percent of the respondents believe that automotive supplies vacuum career prospects in general, no one does optimistic about the automotive supplies decompression utilities. From these data, we can see, the future of automotive supplies decompression very promising career.
 August 20, 2011, Oi Yee line the first 15 stores in Beijing - Lishuiqiao store grand opening. Lishuiqiao store location tight collar Seine River Business Center, compared with other branches, in addition to an array of automotive products and services other than professional automotive, shop and interior design shops to bring people leaving Lishuiqiao a different shopping experience. Lishuiqiao store design has been given more properties of ages, to meet the 80 car after the young family's interest and preferences, the whole store full of contemporary and youthful elements,coil pack and even the display of goods and promotional event planning are more the combination of past and more creative.

Mechanical history



German inventor Carl Benz (1844-1929) is one of the many individuals given credit for the creation of the first automobile. In 1885 he invented the motorized tricycle, which became the first "horseless carriage" to be driven by an internal combustion engine. Benz's contributions to automotive design also included the creation of such features as a carburetor and an electrical ignition system. Carl Benz was a German engineer and inventor who was responsible for many contributions to the design of modern automobiles. He developed an internal combustion gasoline engine for his 1885 version of the "horseless carriage," which was initially a three-wheeled vehicle.
Other innovations by Benz included a simple carburetor, an electrical ignition system, rack-and-pinion steering, and water cooling. For his development of the 1885 motorized tricycle, Benz is given credit by some for creating the first automobile, while others contend that the three-wheel design did not constitute a true modern car. Regardless of his right to the title of inventor of the automobile, Benz did leave his mark on the auto industry by pioneering one of the first marketable motorized vehicles and founding the automobile company that came to be known as Mercedes-Benz.
In 1885, German mechanical engineer, Karl Benz designed and built the world's first practical automobile to be powered by an internal-combustion engine. On January 29, 1886, Benz received the first patent for a gas-fueled car. It was a three-wheeler; Benz built his first four-wheeled car in 1891. Benz & Company, the company started by the inventor, became the world's largest manufacturer of automobiles by 1900. Carl Friedrich Benz was born in 1844 in Baden Muehlburg, Germany (now part of Karlsruhe). He was the son of an engine driver. Benz attended the Karlsruhe grammar school and later the Karlsruhe Polytechnic University. In 1871, He founded his first company with partner August Ritter, the "Iron Foundry and Machine Shop" a supplier of building materials. Benz began his work on a two-stroke engine, in hopes of finding a new income. He received his first patent in 1879. In 1883, he founded Benz & Company to produce industrial engines in Mannheim, Germany. He then began designing a "motor carriage", with a four-stroke engine (based on Nicolaus Otto's patent). Benz designed his engine (958cc, 0.75hp) and the body for the three-wheel vehicle with an electric ignition, differential gears,cargo tricycle and water-cooling. The car was first driven in Mannheim in 1885. On January 29, 1886, he was granted a patent for his gas-fueled automobile and in July, he began selling his automobile to the public.

Ultra-precision Grinding Machine with a Common, low-roughness Part

Large-scale construction machinery factory grinding surface roughness Ra0.02 - 0.04μm, accuracy h4 - h5 of the journal, the expensive high-precision grinding machines are on. But the general construction machinery factory did not build high-precision grinding machines, grinding out to be such a low surface roughness, the journal such a high accuracy is very difficult. We have existing equipment M131W ordinary cylindrical grinder on a lot of testing, and exercise the necessary testing, scraping and adjusted by trimming and fine balance wheel, the abrasive on the whole more suitable micro edge contour , they can achieve ultra-high precision, low roughness of the grinding pin, effectively grinding the accuracy h4 - h6, roughness Ra0.02 - 0.04μm parts. The method is simple, convenient and easy, the effect is quite good.
2 ultra-fine grinding mechanism
Ultra-fine grinding wheel working surface can be trimmed by a large number of high-abrasive micro-edge of this feature and can be carried out. The high micro-blade removal from the work surface meager, still has some traces of defects and micro-shape and size and margin of error. Therefore, the use of these and other micro-cutting is a lot, and if appropriate the amount of grinding, the surface may be left behind in processing a large number of very fine cutting traces, so the available low surface roughness. In addition, in the absence of fire since spent grinding stage, there is still very clear to the friction, slip extrusion, and calendaring and so polished, so that was the secret process to further reduce surface roughness.
Three pairs of normal maintenance grinding
In order to work on grinding out grinding roughness Ra0.02 - 0.04μm workpiece, grinding should be flexible as the old test project does not meet accuracy requirements, will have to be scraping maintenance.
(1) bed rail maintenance
1) how to detect and V-shaped scraping bed rails: in the vertical plane of Non-straightness in the 1m length shall not exceed 0.01mm; in the horizontal plane of Non-straightness in the 1m length shall not exceed 0.01mm; saddle rails with no vertical slip degree in 250mm length shall not exceed 0.02mm; point of contact requires 12 - 14 points (25 × 25) mm.
2) testing how scraping flat bed rail: V-shaped rail of the degree of inequality in the 1m length shall not exceed 0.02mm; in the vertical plane of Non-straightness in the 1m length, the method was more than 0.01mm ; contact with spots requiring 12 - 14 points (25 × 25) mm.
(2) maintenance slide rails saddle
1) how to detect and V-shaped scraping slide saddle rails; not in the vertical plane straightness, all length shall not exceed 0.01mm; touch spots requires 10 - 12 pm (25 × 25) mm.
2) testing and what level scraping slide saddle rails: V-shaped rail is not parallel, the total length should not exceed 0.02/1000mm; touch spots requires 10 - 12 pm (25 × 25) mm.
(3) adjusting the grinding wheel spindle and bearing clearance
In the paint on the grinding wheel spindle shaft and bearing transfer research, with a bearing scraper scraping table containing surface, the contact spot should reach point 12 - 14 points (25 × 25) mm, then the installation and adjustment, the grinding wheel spindle and bearing the gap adjusted to 0.0025 - 0.005mm. This can be overcome in the grinding of the workpiece edge appears circular defects.
(4) spindle motor and wheel balance wheel
As the grinding wheel spindle motor vibration on the surface roughness of great influence, so the grinding wheel spindle motor need to go through a balance wheel balance should be carried out twice; wheel dressing with a diamond pen after a rough balance, and then Whetstone or after roughing trimmed by the fine grinding wheel to do a fine balance.
4 fine, fine twice what the entire wheel
For grinding a surface roughness of the workpiece to achieve Ra0.02 - 0.04μm, using the following two methods to work fine, fine grinding wheel dressing twice.
(1) finishing with diamond pen, and then fine-fine grinding wheel after the car repair round, to meet the surface roughness Ra0.4 - 0.8μm requirements, to grinding out Ra0.02 - 0.2μm is very difficult . If, however, finishing with a diamond pen, the rear wheel and then fine fine repair, you can meet this requirement.
Small repair can be used when TL60 # ZR1 - ZR2 wheel diameter φ100mm so. In a first mandrel wheel clamp, and then finish turning lathes in precision cylindrical, to eliminate deflection. Repair after the fine-grinding wheel, grinding wheel that is fine with grinding wheel business.
Finishing grinding wheel with a rotation by the head frame, its speed is lower, the Ministry of Trade 80--100r/min, feed when a small, back and forth once the Ministry of Trade 0.002mm, table reciprocating motion slower than 0.3m/min , subject to appropriate the whole back and forth several times. Wheel dressing and the dressing wheel rotate in the same direction, namely the two points of contact line speed in the opposite direction. Coolant to the full, in order to float the sand wash away, to prevent the process of grinding the surface with floating sand nap.
After fine grinding, fine trimmed twice in the abrasive wheel can be repaired more of the high micro-blade, grinding wheel after wheel dressing was removed and then brush the surface of the sand. Before grinding, the coolant should undergo strict filtering. Grinding, the coolant to the full, to prevent the burn surface.
(2) finishing with diamond pen, and then repair fine whetstone
First with a sharp single-particle diamond pen intensive, large abrasive wheel repair can be more of a micro-blade high, then Whetstone (or sand) were not fine repair,stone crusher that is refined, based on the grinding wheel grain trim on the more micro edge contour.

Machinery in Constant Evolution

The frictional electrification of droplets was discovered by accident in 1840, when the driver of a steam locomotive (itself a new technology) working in a colliery near Newcastle in northeast England, put his hand near a jet of high-pressure steam escaping from the boiler, and discovered that when he touched the boiler with the other hand, he received an electrical shock and saw a spark. A Newcastle lawyer, William Armstrong (1810-1900, and later an engineer and ordnance manufacturer) investigated the phenomenon systematically by placing the boiler on glass legs and directing the jet of steam toward an insulated metallic conductor. The conductor became positively charged, while the boiler acquired a negative charge.

The cut at the left, above, shows the hydro-electrical generator developed by Armstrong soon after the discovery. The boiler was about 150 cm long and 60 cm in diameter. A later machine at the Polytechnic Institution in London could produce a spark about 55 cm in length.

The example at the right, above, is in the Deutches Museum in Munich. I have seen similar machines at Teyler's Museum in Haarlem in the Netherlands, and in storage at the National Museum of History and Technology of the Smithsonian Institution.

remove the label information is corrupted

Sweden BioettAB TTB has developed a technology (time-temperature bio-sensors), it can for perishable products in the packaging supply chain to monitor the conditions. Its core technology is the use of bio-sensor tag, which has a passive radio frequency circuit. Biosensors to temperature changes and time to react, and to increase the signal strength. Through hand-held scanner, the signal can be saved and selection, and graphically display temperature to help the operator to control the computer. This technology is very cost savings in the supply chain to effectively manage product quality. The new chemical materials with special chemical material is a way of smart packaging. Such as thermochromic inks, and only at a certain temperature conditions to the color, the manufacturer can be some of the conditions at a temperature of information consumers need to know to use the ink to print. For example, maple syrup, heated in a microwave oven, in a certain temperature, the packaging will display "hot" word, so that consumers see at the. In addition, there is a ink to the case of low temperature display, to avoid the product being damaged by frost. The intelligent packaging is not only for the benefit of consumers, from the warehouse to store shelves throughout the supply chain is very good. Packaging using special ink to remind staff of the suitability of cold chain temperature, the ink cost is not high, but it can help improve the efficiency of quality control system, especially for temperature sensitive foods. Time - temperature indicator (TTI) is the use of the chemical reaction principle of sensing mechanism,metal machine including polymerization, enzymatic reactions, diffusion, melting point and so on. Will change color as fruit mature, and then decay, an unpleasant odor, food deterioration can also use the principle of chemical reaction changes the color displayed on the packaging. In other words, packaging can automatically display its shelf life. In France, the technology has commercial applications, there are more than 140 kinds of products the application of the technology. The use of sensing mechanism, also capable of monitoring the oxygen content in packaging and packaging tightness. Chemical sensors are placed in the packaging of the product side, packaged in a color display using ultraviolet light. Chemical changes within the product packaging will change this pre-set color.

Today, RFID is mainly used for carton and pallet labels on, so the label is still relatively smooth surface. Flexible packaging suppliers are waiting to see whether the technology can be used in flexible packaging bags, sleeves, and on other forms of flexible packaging. Difficult to predict whether the current RFID technology can be used for forming / filling / sealing on.

RFID is currently working from a chemical intelligent packaging machinery technology representatives in tracking goods, inventory management and improve the efficiency of the recall is very helpful on this point for all the manufacturers are very attractive. Innovations in chemistry will be more for the benefit of flexible packaging business. Here are the latest two examples. Apio developed Intelmer pad will remain fresh agricultural products, the ice must be used to replace the original. Intelmer liner technology uses pressure-sensitive film,IR narrow bandpass filter seal the carton automatically adjust the oxygen / carbon dioxide balance. This layer of breathable film one side coated with the polymer side chain recrystallization. As the temperature changes, even if the change is very small, the film will also adjust the gas density. The temperature rises, vegetables need more breath, the film will release more oxygen and carbon dioxide in. This technique effectively extends the high respiration rate of vegetables broccoli shelf life, can reach up to 17 days. Recently adopted by the company for packing bananas.

Technology, materials and equipment will continue to progress. Currently, the focus of label in the future will be transferred to film. The current label is used to track products in supply chain trends, the future, the label will be used to carry and reporting of data. This is now unthinkable. Application of RFID tags on the challenges currently facing the biggest problem is the small chip and antenna damaged. Just a little bit of damage, the label will fail. In the assembly, printing,stone crusher labeling and everywhere there is damage to the label in the possibility of such damage not only refers to physical damage, but also a variety of electrostatic discharge caused by the destruction of the chip information. This is why the machine must be equipped with RFID-tagged identification device, remove the label information is corrupted, check the validity of the reason code. Providers in addressing this issue there are several different approaches. AveryDennison launch of the 64-05 labeling function to normal processing speed of the General tab of printed RFID tags, the tag's RFID chip programming, the use of thermal printing technology to print a variety of data. 64-05 the use of "out of - the transfer of" technology to automatically move the print head chip, the chip will not cause damage. Appleton is used SmartStrate chip technology on the physical and static protection. SmartStrate is a kind of label material, which contains a small bag used to hold chips, measuring label printing surface, while buffering the impact of various possible damage to the chip. SmartStrate also add a special coating to avoid any static electricity.

Through smart technology to package labeling, packaging machinery yourself in the past so we must do it. For example, to the date code, which tells us they are supply chain, packaging display the status of perishable food, worse still, changing the packing density of gas, adjusted for the perishable food packaging environment. In the past, we usually marked in a bag on the shelf, and intelligent packaging bags can tell us, the shelf life it has to. The color of ink printed on the label changes to warn consumers of food in the microwave heating temperature is appropriate. Controlled by temperature changes within the packaging film to control the oxygen / carbon dioxide balance, extend shelf life.

All the smart packaging machinery innovations alike. On the surface, smart packaging machinery for the benefit of the distributors,printing machine retailers and consumers. In fact, smart packaging machinery for the benefit of everyone who uses it. Market research shows that consumers prefer convenient, safe, self-protection packaging machinery
 

Canada ToxinAlert has developed another method of use of color. The company in the food packaging film coated with a layer of special antibodies for certain pathogens, some of these antibodies stained composition itself, the package will tell consumers whether it contains pathogens. There is also a polymer, with two layers of film with holes, one of which is coated with a layer of functional polymer, the expansion occurred after the case of acid, another layer of alkali expansion. Once the PH value of the product packaging changes, the film will be a corresponding expansion or contraction, the use of the pump to adjust the PH value. Outlook is not an instant flexible business intelligence applications, but this era is slowly closer to us. Like any other change,generator sets as it slowly toward us, constantly between the benefits and costs of exploration. We may use RFID technology is still some resistance, some manufacturers even ship the goods before the label affixed temporary cardboard boxes, but this is definitely not the concept of smart packaging machinery. Goods in the supply chain to track the value is obvious, especially for downstream packaging line. Real application of RFID to track and record inventory information, and to collect packaging line operation, the upstream packing and so on.

These are just a small part of the intelligent packaging machinery applications only. Pending RFID technology everyone is talking about RFID tags, almost everyone in this area attempt. Wal-Mart to require suppliers to the rules published by the beginning of this year on the carton and pallet labels RFID tags. Many manufacturers began to explore the use of some form of RFID systems. Then, many try it just ends, label converters,labeling machine code reading system suppliers and suppliers of label claim that the technical success rate of 90%, but many professionals in the industry research shows that the technology is successful rate of 30%. According to the U.S. FreedoniaGroup introduction, the U.S. demand to 2007, total sales of smart labels $ 460 million, an increase of 14 percentage points, the most cost-effective is the RFID tag.

Precisia is FlintInk's department, they use metal ink tag's antenna to make it more flexible, more suitable substrate. The chip is relatively thick, relatively hard, easy to damage.

oil and gas

It is reported that first quarter of 2011, exports to Russia Heihe Port shoveling transportation category, class gravel, sand stone crushing machines 517 sets of classes, goods worth $ 21,433,700, up 237.91 percent respectively year on year, 149.03 percent. Stone crushing machinery has become the port of export machinery Heihe leading products. From the export type, jaw crusher largest share, accounting for more than half, followed by cone crusher machine and crusher.

Heihe Port stone crushing machinery exports to Russia rose sharply mainly for many reasons. Russia, broken machinery and construction machinery market demand, the Russian construction industry is currently booming period,capping machine as rising international crude oil prices, Russia's economic recovery, oil and gas, mining and other machinery for the crushing demand for large industry has developed rapidly , while the Russian domestic crushing machinery is far from satisfying domestic market demand, which export to Russia, China's crushing machine to create a huge opportunity.

China National broken machinery cost-effective. In recent years, the rapid rise of China's crushing machinery manufacturing, product quality and cheap, by Russian users. Heihe Port's unique geographical advantage. Heihe Port of corresponding port city of Victoria shushenskaya proximity, high standard,metering pump the export shipping, logistics and sales in the Russian customs and other aspects of obvious advantages compared to other ports. Especially in the export of transport, transport equipment, loading freeze without exit, but by way of clearance from the export drive.

From another perspective, since 2000, Russia became the world's fastest-growing state in the construction sector, the construction market annual growth of 10% to 15%. Since 2011, Russia's economic recovery, crushing machinery demand is increasing. Rising real estate prices in Russia under the influence of the continuous influx of investment to stimulate the construction boom, which gives Russia crushing machinery and construction machinery market growth has brought great business opportunities.

At the same time, Russia building and crushing machinery depreciation rate has reached 45% to 75%, leading to local enterprises is difficult to finance technology and are poorly managed and unable to meet the market demand for equipment. Currently, the mechanical equipment is being used in 50% from imports,stone crusher accounting for 30% of total imports. As China jaw crusher machinery has matured, many well-known brands with higher price-to win the Russian widely recognized by customers.

In the second half of 2011 in the mill can focus on industry, oil drilling equipment, broken machinery and engineering industry. Construction machinery industry is broken broken machinery industry in response to the relative recovery of the economy one of the fastest growing sub-sectors,diesel generator once the regulation relaxation, engineering machinery industry stocks will be broken up the first part. Second half of the protection of housing and water construction projects will be driving demand for mechanical jaw crusher one of the engines.